The Department of State Internal Political Security and its work to protect the security and sovereignty of the Tuvan People's Republic (1925–1934)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.3.4Keywords:
Tuvan People’s Republic; Tuva; Tuvan history; Department of State Internal Political Security; domestic authorities; national security; sovereignty; political repressionAbstract
The article analyses specific historical conditions and reasons for creating a security service in the Tuvan People’s Republic. Named the Department of State Internal Political Security, it was active in 1925–1934. Our study is based on documents from the National Archives of the Republic of Tuva, State archive of Krasnoyarsk krai and other archival collections. Some of the materials are presented here for the first time.
The direct reason for creating DSIPS was an armed revolt in Khemchik in 1924 — an attempt of Tuvans dissatisfied with the status quo to dismantle the state and join its territory to Mongolia. At first the internal security of a young Tuvan state was provided by a small troop of 40 soldiers (tsiriks). It was formed by the order of the Great Khural in 1923.
The security service of TPR functioned as its counterparts in the USSR and Mongolian People’s Republic did. The primary task for Tuvan ‘chekists’ was to fight the counterrevolution, foil or quell internal plots and armed rebellions, and to prevent attacks on the security and sovereignty of the TPR.
At the end of 1920s, the DSIPS took a leaf from the GPU’s book, introducing illegal investigation methods and fabrication of cases into its practice. In 1934 the Department of Military Security of the Country (DMSC) replaced DSIPS, but its work goes beyond the chronological framework of this article.
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How to Cite
For citation:
Mollerov N. M. Deiatel'nost' Upravleniia Gosudarstvennoi Vnutrennei Politicheskoi Okhrany po zashchite bezopasnosti i suvereniteta Tuvinskoi Narodnoi Respubliki (1925–1934 gg.) [The Department of State Internal Political Security and its work to protect the security and sovereignty of the Tuvan People's Republic (1925-1934)]. New Research of Tuva, 2020, no. 3, pp. 49–65. (In Russ.). DOI: www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.3.4
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Author Biography
Nikolai M. Mollerov, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Doctor of History, Chief Research Fellow, Research Group on History, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: + 7 (394-22) 2-39-36.
Email: igi@tigpi.ru
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