Factors of vitality and sphere of functioning of the native language of the Tsengel Tuvans of Mongolia (according to the 2018 sociolinguistic study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.4.6Keywords:
Tuvan language; foreign language environment; extralinguistic factor; self-identification; Tsengel Tuvans; Tuvans of Mongolia; language situationAbstract
The article deals with the linguistic situation among the Tsengel Tuvans who live in the sum of Tsengel in Bayan-Ölgii aimag, northwestern Mongolia. They speak the Tsengel subdialect of the Altai dialect of the Tuvan language. The analysis is based on the results of a sociolinguistic survey that covers 180 respondents who are residents of the sum of Tsengel. We characterize the status, spheres of functioning of the Tuvan language and determine the levels of language competence among the Tuvans of Tsengel as well as the impact of education on the level of proficiency in the native language.
The survey has shown that the majority of the respondents prefer to speak their mother tongue in everyday life. At the same time, they allow the use of borrowings from Mongolian in their speech and are fully aware of this. It has also revealed some extralinguistic phenomena that have influenced the features of the language situation: the impact of the political situation on anthroponymy; ancestral self-identification of the respondents; the level of their motivation to preserve and pass on their native language to the next generations, etc.
The Tsengel Tuvans of Mongolia are mostly multilingual, they speak not only their native language and Mongolian, but also Kazakh. There is an obvious strengthening of the role of Mongolian as a language of interethnic communication. The majority of the Tuvans in Tsengel have a motivation to preserve and transmit their native language as a factor of their self-identification. Along with the Mongolian Government’s state support of the language and culture of the Tuvans, this contributes to the development of the Tuvan language in the sum of Tsengel.
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For citation:
Bayarsaikhan B. and Saaya O. M. Faktory vital’nosti i sfery funktsionirovaniia rodnogo iazyka tsengel’skikh tuvintsev Mongolii (po dannym sotsiolingvisticheskogo issledovaniia 2018 g.) [Factors of vitality and sphere of functioning of the native language of the Tsengel Tuvans of Mongolia (according to the 2018 sociolinguistic study)]. New Research of Tuva, 2022, no. 4, pp. 78-88. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.4.6
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Author Biographies
Badarch Bayarsaikhan, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Candidate of Philology, Leading Researcher, Department of Dictionary Research Group, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (394-22) 2-39-36.
E-mail: bayiraa@mail.ru
Oyumaa M. Saaya, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Candidate of Philology, Leading Researcher, Department of Dictionary Research Group, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (394-22) 2-39-36.
E-mail: yu5bi@mail.ru
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