Contemporary ethnic identities of China’s Oirats and Tuvans: specificity of the PRC’s national question revisited
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2019.4.15Keywords:
national question; PRC; China; ethnic minorities of China; Mongols; Oirats of the PRC; Tuvans of China; Xinjiang Kalmyks; Tuvans; ethnic identityAbstract
The article examines some specific features of the national question in the People’s Republic of China through the examples of ethnic Oirats and Tuvans. The paper illustrates the complicated structure of China-based Mongolic peoples, provides insights into the history of their explorations during the 1950s when the PRC witnessed the shaping of nationalities policies, nation and language building, implementation of the ethnic classification project.
The structural registeration of the PRC’s population established between 1956 and 1976 dealt with all aspects of China’s social life, including that of ethnic composition. The early-to-mid 1950s abounded with ethnographic studies of non-Han peoples and investigations of minority languages. Despite all that, authorities chose to introduce the principle of merging peoples as part of unification policies. A number of Mongolic peoples, including the Turkic-speaking Tuvans, started being officially referred to as ‘Mongols’.
Nowadays the Chinese government pursues another policy but the idea of ‘56 nationalities of the PRC’ is still there. So, understanding the necessity of official ‘Mongolian’ identity ethnic Oirats and Tuvans, nonetheless, retain their ethnic identities.
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Bakaeva E. P. and Yusha Zh. M. Contemporary ethnic identities of China’s Oirats and Tuvans: specificity of the PRC’s national question revisited. The New Research of Tuva. 2019, № 4 [online] Available at: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/893 (access date ...). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2019.4.15
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Author Biographies
Elza P. Bakaeva, Kalmyk Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences
Doctor of History, Deputy Director for Research, Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Postal address: 8 Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (84722) 3-55-15.
E-mail: bakaevaep@kigiran.com
Zhanna M. Yusha, Institute of Philology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Doctor of Philology, Leading Research Associate, Sector of Folklore of Siberian Peoples, Institute of Philology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Postal address: 8, Nikolaeva St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (383) 330-14-52.
E-mail: zhanna-yusha@yandex.ru
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