Prajñāpāramitā scriptures from the collection of a Tuvan institute
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.4.10Keywords:
Buddhism; written source; TIHASER; Tuva; Buddhism in Tuva; xylograph; Tibetan language; prajñāpāramitā; sūtraAbstract
The article provides a description of Buddhist texts from the category of Prajnaparamita literature that are stored in the Archives of Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research (TIHASER) under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
We introduce descriptions of manuscripts and xylographic editions of such works as “The Diamond Sutra” or “Vajracchedika” (Tib. ’phags pa shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa rdo rje gcod pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po’i mdo), “The Heart Sutra of Bhagavati Prajnaparamita Hridaya” (Tib. bcom ldan ’das ma shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa’i snying po bzhugs so), “Prajnaparamita in 8,000 Stanzas (Shlokas)” (Tib. ’phags pa shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa brgyad stong pa bzhugs so), etc. into research circulation. The significance of these sutras in the Mahayana tradition has not changed to this day. This is evidenced by the comments of both the high traditional teachers of Buddhism and Buddhist scholars of our time.
Among the texts kept in the Archives of TIHASER, there are also abridged versions related to the so-called “sacred formulas”, brief extracts from texts published in collections and selections. The essence of the teaching of the transcendental wisdom of prajñāpāramitā (Tib. shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa) — the knowledge of the emptiness of phenomena — is of interest both to practitioners of the tradition and to scholars in the fields of philosophy, anthropology, cultural studies, etc.
The considered sources hold an important place in the history of the spread of Buddhism in the regions of Russia (Tuva, Buryatia, Kalmykia) and Mongolia. Prajñāpāramitā texts were an obligatory attribute of Buddhist temples.
References
Androsov, V. P. (2008) Buddiiskaia klassika Drevnei Indii. Slovo Buddy i traktaty Nagardzhuny [Buddhist classics of Ancient India. Buddha’s teaching and Nagarjuna’s treatises] / transl. from Pali, Sanskrit and Tibetan with comments by V. P. Androsov. Moscow, Otkrytyi mir. 512 p. (In Russ.).
Androsov, V. P. (2011) Indo-tibetskii buddizm. Entsiklopedicheskii slovar' [Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. Encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow, Orientaliia. 448 p. (In Russ.).
Vvedenie v izuchenie Ganchzhura i Danchzhura: Istoriko-Bibliograficheskii ocherk [Introduction to the study of Ganchzhur and Danchzhur: A historical and bibliographic essay] (1989) / N. D. Bolsokhoeva, Ts. P. Vanchikova, D. B. Dashiev et al. Novosibirsk, Nauka, Siberian branch. 199 p. (In Russ.).
Yondon, D. and Sazykin, A. G. (1998) Mongol'skaia versiia rasskazov o pol'ze «Almaznoi sutry» [Mongolian version of the stories about the benefits of “The Diamond Sutra”]. Mongolica–IV. St. Petersburg, Peterburgskoe vostokovedenie. 112 p. Pp. 36–47. (In Russ.).
Zorin, A. V. (2018) K voprosu o klassifikatsii buddiiskikh sakral'nykh formul [On the issue of classification of Buddhist sacral formulas]. Vestnik RUDN. Seriia: Filosofiia, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 330–340. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2018-22-3-330-340
Lepekhov, S. Yu. (1991) Idei shun'iavady v korotkikh sutrakh pradzhniaparamity [Śūnyavāda ideas in short prajñāpāramitā sutras]. In: Psikhologicheskie aspekty buddizma [Psychological aspects of Buddhism] / ed. by L. E. Yangutov et al. Novosibirsk, Nauka, Siberian branch. 182 p. Pp. 90–104. (In Russ.).
Muzraeva, D. N. (2012) Buddiiskie pis'mennye istochniki na tibetskom i oiratskom iazykakh v kollektsiiakh Kalmykii [Buddhist written sources in the Tibetan and Oirat languages in the collections of Kalmykia]. Elista, NPP “Dzhangar”. 224 p. (In Russ.).
Sazykin, A. G. (1988) Katalog mongol'skikh rukopisei i ksilografov Instituta vostokovedeniia AN SSSR [Catalog of Mongolian manuscripts and woodcuts of the Institute of Oriental Studies, USSR Academy of Sciences] : in 3 vols. Moscow, Nauka, The Main Editorial Board of Oriental Literature. 508 p.
Sazykin, A. G. (2001) Katalog mongol'skikh rukopisei i ksilografov Instituta vostokovedeniia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk [Catalog of Mongolian manuscripts and woodcuts of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences] : in 3 vols. Moscow, Vostochnaia literatura. 415 p.
Sazykin, A. G. (2003) Katalog mongol'skikh rukopisei i ksilografov Instituta vostokovedeniia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk [Catalog of Mongolian manuscripts and woodcuts of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences] : in 3 vols. Moscow, Vostochnaia literatura. 280 p.
Torchinov, E. A. (1991) O psikhologicheskikh aspektakh ucheniia pradzhniaparamity na primere «Vadzhrachchkhedika-pradzhniaparamita-sutry» [On the psychological aspects of the teachings of the prajñāpāramitā by the example of the “Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra”]. In: Psikhologicheskie aspekty buddizma [Psychological aspects of Buddhism] / ed. by L. E. Yangutov et al. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ. Siberian branch. 182 p. Pp. 104–125. (In Russ.).
Torchinov, E. A. (2002) Filosofiia buddizma Makhaiany [Philosophy of Mahayana Buddhism]. St. Petersburg, Peterburgskoe vostokovedenie. 320 p. (In Russ.).
Torchinov, E. A. (2015) Vvedenie v buddologiiu. Kurs lektsii [Introduction to Buddhology. A course of lectures] : A study guide. Moscow, Akademicheskii proekt. 335 p. (In Russ.).
Filosofiia buddizma: entsiklopediia [Philosophy of Buddhism: encyclopedia] (2011) / ed. by M. T. Stepaniants. Moscow, Institute of Philosophy RAS. Vostochnaia literatura. 1045 p. (In Russ.).
Abhisamayālankāra-Prajñāparāmitā-Upadeša-Šāstra (1929) : The work of Bodhisattva Maitreya / edited, explained and translated by Th. Stcherbatsky and E. Obermiller. Fasciculus I. Introduction, Sanscrit text and Tibetan translation. Leningrad, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. (Bibliotheca Buddhica, XXIII). XII, 40, 72 p.
Brunnholzl, K. (2012) The Heart Attack Sutra: A new commentary on the Heart Sutra. Boston, Snow Lion Publ. 175 p.
Conze, E. (1978) The Prajñāpāramitā literature. Tokyo, The Reiyukai. [8], 138 р.
Gampopa (1998) The jewel ornament of liberation: The wish-fulfilling gem of the noble teachings / translated by Khenpo Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche. Boulder, Snow Lion Publ. 476 p.
Ligeti, L. (1942–1944) Catalogue du Kanjur Mongol imprimé par L. Ligeti. Vol. I. Catalogue. Budapest, Société Kőrösi Csoma. (Bibliotheca Orientalis Hungarica, III). 496 p.
Orosz, G. (2008a) A catalogue of the Tibetan manuscripts and block prints in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences : in 3 vols. Budapest : Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 1. 752 p.
Orosz, G. (2008b) A catalogue of the Tibetan manuscripts and block prints in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences : in 3 vols. Budapest : Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 2. 891 p.
Orosz, G. (2009) A catalogue of the Tibetan manuscripts and block prints in the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences : in 3 vols. Budapest : Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 3. 305 p.
Poppe, N. (1971) The Diamond Sutra: Three Mongolian versions of the Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā. Texts, translations, notes and glossaries. Wiesbaden, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. (Asiatische Forschungen, Bd. 35). 230 p.
Taube, M. (1966) Tibetische Handschriften und Blockdrucke. Beschriben von M. Taube. Teil 1–4. Wiesbaden, Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH. 1296 S.
Uspensky, V. L. (2001) Catalogue of the Mongolian manuscripts and xylographs in the St. Petersburg State University Library. Tokyo, Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA). xv, 530, 186 p.
Williams, P. (2008) Mahayana Buddhism: The doctrinal foundations. 2nd ed. London ; New York, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. xi, 438 p.
Published
How to Cite
For citation:
Muzraeva D. N., Dongak A. S. and Maksimova O. A. Teksty Pradzhniaparamity v kollektsii tuvinskogo instituta [Prajñāpāramitā scriptures from the collection of a Tuvan institute]. New Research of Tuva, 2022, no. 4, pp. 127-136 (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2022.4.10
Issue
Section
Author Biographies
Delyash N. Muzraeva, Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Doctor of History, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Head, Department of Written Monuments and Language Studies, Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Postal address: 8 Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (961) 840-86-14.
E-mail: deliash@mail.ru
Antonina S. Dongak, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Candidate of Philology, Leading Researcher, Department of Folklore, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (39422) 3-39-36.
E-mail: antdon@mail.ru
Olga A. Maksimova, Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Junior Researcher, Department of Written Monuments and Language Studies, Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Postal address: 8 Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (906) 437-99-73.
E-mail: maksimovaos@kigiran.com
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author(s) license holder(s) grant rights for their work to the journal (grantee of a license) under the simple non-exclusive open license in accordance with Art. 1286.1 «Open license for a research work, work of literature or fine arts», Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
New Research of Tuva publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC).
Since it is an open license, author(s) reserve the right to upload the article to their institutional repository, submit it to another journal (if it allows republications), or republish it on their own website (in full, or in part).
However, several conditions apply here:
a) The republished version must always contain the name(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), the original title and the hyperlink to the original version on the New Research of Tuva website;
b) It must be in open access, free of charge, and no category of readers must be in any way whatsoever advantaged over general readership.
c) should the contribution be submitted elsewhere by its author(s) without substantial modification (30% or more of original text unchanged), the body of the article should contain a disclaimer that the original version was published in New Research of Tuva (with a link to the respective page)
The CC-BY-NC is a non-revocable license which applies worldwide and lasts for the duration of the work’s copyright.
