Women’s world in contemporary Tuva
Keywords:
women’s world; family; children; career; self-actualization; gender imbalance; values; Tuvan womanAbstract
The article examines the ethnodemographic and ethnosocial position of ethnic Tuvan women in Tuva. Our analysis makes use of the concept of ‘women’s world’ which is actively used by researchers in the current state of increasing gender asymmetry. We treat ‘women’s world’ as a holistic worldview of women united by single values, attitudes and practices of living.
The contemporary shift in traditional male and female roles leads to blurring the boundaries between male and female functions and responsibilities. The crisis of family values has been brought about by the market economy and the overall social and economic situation in the country. In contemporary society women find themselves involved in public life, which limits her abilities in the sphere of family relations and marriage. To analyze the values, attitudes and practices which are important for Tuvan women, we have held an opinion poll of 250 women respondents in Tuva in spring 2015.
Tuvan society has always viewed family as the supreme value, and still does. When choosing a partner (which a woman is free to decide for herself), Tuvan women look for a caring, understanding, kind, educate, loving partner, with no pernicious addictions. Three is the ideal number of children in the family, although most families have only 1 or 2. Women of elder generations would typically have a bigger number of children. Younger generations are known for high divorce rate. One of the most important reasons for divorce is the urgent need for satisfying the family’s material needs.
A contemporary Tuvan woman combines in her social position both traditional and new functions, trying to uphold the values of family life, high level of welfare and the opportunity for self-actualization. Due to this combination, Tuvan society has a relatively high (if compared to other regions) level of reproductive goals, which means that a large part of respondents plans to have many children. However, the unstable material welfare of many families prevents the birth of more than two children.
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Author Biographies
Larisa V. Anzhiganova, N. F. Katanov Khakas State University
Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Department of Philosophy and Culturology.
Postal address: 90 Lenin St., Abakan, Russian Federation 655017.
Tel.: +7 (3902) 22-35-76.
E-mail: alv_9@mail.ru
Saylyk M. Ak-Lama, Tuvan Institute for the Humanities and Applied Socioeconomic Studies
Research Fellow, Sector of Applied Sociology.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., Kyzyl, Russian Federation 667000.
Tel.: +7 (394-22) 2-39-36.
E-mail: asm23_09@mail.ru
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