S. K. Toka’s literary heritage in the collections of the National Archives of the Republic of Tuva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.2.12Keywords:
State Archives of the Republic of Tuva; National Archives of the Republic of Tuva; Tuva; Salchak Kalbakhorekovich Toka; Tuvan literatureAbstract
The literary heritage of Tuvan public and political figure, writer Salchak Kalbakhorekovich Toka is preserved at Tuva’s several archival institutions. This article deals with a small and relatively little known fond of manuscript versions of short stories and other fragments (11 archival units) preserved at the National Archives (prior to 07.04.2020 known as the State Archives) of the Republic of Tuva. Many fragments in these manuscripts radically differ from the later text in the printed version, which is important for studying the author’s evolution.
The collection, for instance, contains the manuscript version of the short story “Wolf hunt” (1947). It was published in a collection in Russian in 1967, with important digressions from the Tuvan original: the protagonist now had a different name, and one of the supporting (but important) characters had had his occupation changed. As Toka was working in the text, the feelings became less expressive.
S.K. Toka’s autobiographical trilogy “The word of the arat” was published in various versions, part by part, starting from 1932, and into the 1940s. As “The word of the arat”, it appeared in Russian in 1950, with some first editions in 1951 and 1964, and in Tuvan, in 1967. Both versions were many times reprinted. A comparative study of the fragments in the archival collection has revealed a number of cuts, additions and reworkings, with the manuscript version richer in vocabulary, minor details, descriptions and containing fewer ideological clichés.
Comparing archival manuscripts and printed editions helps us trace the history of a literary text and sense changes in the author’s creative techniques, in evolution of his art. We can feel the minutest nuances of his work, which are so important for providing an objective interpretation of the author’s text – and yet are so fleeting and easy to neglect.
References
Baiyr-ool, M. S. (2009) Syn svoego vremeni [The son of his own time]. The New Research of Tuva, no. 1–2 [online] Available at: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/672 (access date: 22.01.2020). (In Russ.).
Dongak, U. A. (2015) V poiskakh trekh znanii. Dokumental'naia proza S. K. Toka [In search of three types of knowledge. Documentary prose of S. K. Toka]. In: Salchak Toka / N. M. Mollerov, A. K. Kanzai, G. Ch. Shirshin et al. Moscow, Slovo/Slovo. 544 p. Pp. 372–399.
Kalzan, A. K. (1958) Tuvinskaia dramaturgiia perioda TNR: o p'esakh S. K. Toka «Tönggür-ool», «Zhenshchina», «Uzun-Kara i Semis-Kara» [Tuvan dramaturgy of the TPR period: On S.K. Toka’s plays “Tengur-ool”, “Woman”, “Uzun-Kara and Semis-Kara”]. Uchenye zapiski TNIIIaLI. Kyzyl, s. n. Vol. 6. Pp.115–136. (In Russ.).
Kombu, S. S. (2012) Iz istorii izdaniia romana S. Toka «Slovo arata» [From the history of the publication of the novel “The Word of Arat” by S. Toka]. In: Deviatye Makushinskie chteniia [9th Makushin readings]: proceedings of a conference (May 15–16, 2012, Barnaul) / ed. by E. N. Savenko. Novosibirsk, s. n. 372 p. Pp. 158–160. (In Russ.).
Krasilnikova,E. I. and Valdman, I. A. (2020) Power and the traditional culture of a region in the dynamics of magazine representations: Tuva on the pages of the Sibirskie Ogni magazine (1920s — 2010s). The New Research of Tuva, no. 1 [online] Available at: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/910 (access date: 22.01.2020). (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2020.1.13
Kuzhuget, M. A (2015) Salchak Toka — dramaturg [Salchak Toka, a playwright]. In: Salchak Toka / N. M. Mollerov, A. K. Kanzai, G. Ch. Shirshin et al. Moscow, Slovo/Slovo. 544 p. Pp. 399–435. (In Russ.).
Salchak, V. S. (2010) Salchak Tokanyng «Börülerni angnaary» dep chechen chugaazynda maadyrlarnyng ovur-khevirining uktalgan töögüzü» [The history of the characters of the story by Salchak Toka “Hunting for wolves”]. In: Salchak V. Uran söstüng uzhuu [Skillful words connecting thread]. Abakan, Kooperativ “Zhurnalist”. 144 p. Pp. 48–60. (In Tuv.).
Kherel, A. Kh. (2018) Tvorchestvo V. Kok-oola i ego rol' v stanovlenii i razvitii tuvinskoi dramaturgii [The works by V. Kok-ool and his role in the rise and development of Tuva drama] : Thesis of Diss. … Candidate of Philology. Moscow. 32 p. (In Russ.).
Chamzo, D. U. (2018) Fond gosudarstvennogo i politicheskogo deiatelia, pisatelia S. K. Toka v Gosudarstvennom arkhive Respubliki Tyva [The archival collection of the statesman, political figure and writer S. K. Toka in the State Archives of the Republic of Tuva]. In: Rol' i znachenie arkhivov i arkhivnykh dokumentov v sokhranenii istoricheskoi pamiati naroda [The role and significance of archives and archival documents in preserving the historical memory of a people] : materials of the regional conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the State Archival service of Russia / ed. by B. V. Munge. Kyzyl, Tipografiia KTsO «Anyiak». 124 p. Pp. 83–86. (In Russ.).
Shirshin, G. Ch. (2017) Letopis' sovetskoi Tuvy 1950–1960-kh gg. v dnevnikakh Salchaka Toka [A chronicle of the Soviet Tuva (1950s — 1960s) in the diaries of Salchak Toka]. The New Research of Tuva, no. 4 [online] Available at: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/739 (access date: 22.01.2020). (In Russ.). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2017.4.4
Published
How to Cite
Mongush E. D. S. K. Toka’s literary heritage in the collections of the National Archives of the Republic of Tuva. The New Research of Tuva, 2020; 2: 175-186. DOI: www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.2.12
Issue
Section
Author Biography
Evgenii D. Mongush, Tuvan State University
Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor, Department of the Russian Language and Literature, Tuvan State University.
Postal address: 36 Lenin St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (960) 778-47-98.
E-mail: mongun2005@yandex.ru
Author(s) license holder(s) grant rights for their work to the journal (grantee of a license) under the simple non-exclusive open license in accordance with Art. 1286.1 «Open license for a research work, work of literature or fine arts», Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
New Research of Tuva publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC).
Since it is an open license, author(s) reserve the right to upload the article to their institutional repository, submit it to another journal (if it allows republications), or republish it on their own website (in full, or in part).
However, several conditions apply here:
a) The republished version must always contain the name(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), the original title and the hyperlink to the original version on the New Research of Tuva website;
b) It must be in open access, free of charge, and no category of readers must be in any way whatsoever advantaged over general readership.
c) should the contribution be submitted elsewhere by its author(s) without substantial modification (30% or more of original text unchanged), the body of the article should contain a disclaimer that the original version was published in New Research of Tuva (with a link to the respective page)
The CC-BY-NC is a non-revocable license which applies worldwide and lasts for the duration of the work’s copyright.
