The stages of radio installation in Tuvan People’s Republic (1925–1944)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.3.8Keywords:
radio; radio installation; Tuvan People’s Republic; Tuvan history; mass medium; radio historyAbstract
The article attempts to describe the stages of radio installation in Tuvan People’s Republic in the period between 1925 and 1944. The analysis of the documents from the federal archives and Tuvan National archive, including some never before examined, shows the achievements and difficulties of each stage.
The first stage (1925–1936) marks the preparations for the radio installation in the TPR. The intention to establish a radio and telegraph exchange for constant communication with the TPR had been included into the Agreement on the establishment of friendly relations with the USSR. The power plant started operating in Kyzyl in 1925, the communications staff had been training in the USSR since 1929. The Kyzyl post office started receiving Soviet broadcasts in 1930 and the weather reports in 1932. In 1932 the General Communications Agency began preparations for the radio installation. In 1934 the USSR provided Tuva with a short-wave radio station with a power of 1 kW, in 1935 it was delivered and installed in 1936. Providing a radio station with low power due to the lack of financial resources and radio materials in the USSR limited the potential of radio installation in the republic.
At the second stage (1936–1941), the broadcasting system was still unstable. First radio concerts were held on the 6th and 7th of July 1936, and the first official broadcast was in August 1936. In 1939 the Communications Agency received the status of a Ministry. Now fully staffed, it expedited radio installation in the rayon centres. By the end of the 1930s,when the radio station in Kyzyl had been completed, radio was regularly listened to in the capital and surrounding areas.
At the third stage (1941–1944), the radio broadcast system was further improved. On July 8, 1941, the Radio Committee was established, and the Radio and Telegraph Agency of TPR followed suit in 1944. The radio network, consisting of 5 radio stations and 11 broadcasting centers, was now fully formed.
The TPR radio network served as the basis for the radio broadcasting system of the Tuva Autonomous Oblast, which took the development further in 1944–1961.
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For citation:
Kan V. S. Etapy radiofikatsii v Tuvinskoi Narodnoi Respublike (1925–1944 gg.) [The stages of radio installation in Tuvan People’s Republic (1925–1944)]. New Research of Tuva, 2020, no. 3, pp. 111–127. (In Russ.). DOI: www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2020.3.8
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Author Biography
Valerya S. Kan, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva
Candidate of History, Leading researcher, Group of History, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (923) 267-76-55.
E-mail: kan-tuva@mail.ru
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