Tuvan People’s Republic on the eve of accession to the USSR through the eyes of a Soviet diplomat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2019.4.17Keywords:
Tuvan People’s Republic; USSR; Little Khural; international relations; Mongol People’s Republic; Salchak Kalbakkhorekovich Toka; Aleksandr Mangeevich Chimba; Mikhail Grigor'evich Suhschevsky; Tuvans; Mongols; Old Believers in Tuva; history of TuvaAbstract
The article examines a number of key aspects in the political history of Tuvan People’s Republic shortly before it became part of the USSR. The entries in the diary of the charge d’affaires of the USSR in the Tuvan People’s Republic, M.G. Sushchevsky (1942-1943) help us focus, in particular, on the early preparatory stage of this process and pinpoint the date when the Soviet leaders started to consider the issue quite seriously – March 18, 1943. Attention is also paid to other developments in the social and political life of the People’s Republic of Tuva which had some bearing in the process of taking the decision to join the USSR. Among them are the government institutions and their work (e.g. the Little Khural) and the political purges which continued into the 1940s.
Some light is shed on the emigration of Tuvan arats to Mongolia and the forced resettlement of ethnic Tuvans from Mongolia to Tuva in the 1930s and 1940s. Special treatment is given to the issue of the border which since the early 1930s had become dominant in the Tuvan-Mongolian relations and remained so until the accession of Tuva into the USSR in October 1944.
For its sources, the study, inter alia, relies in the unpublished “Diaries of the charge d’affaires of the USSR in the Tuvan People’s Republic c[omrades] Sushchevsky and Budarin”, preserved at the Archives of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (f. 06 “V.M . Molotov’s Secretariat”).
References
Biche-ool, S. M. and Samdan, A. A. (2012) Olenevody Vostochnykh Saian Respubliki Tyva i Mongolii [East Sayan reindeer herders from the Republic of Tyva and Mongolia]. Vestnik Tuvinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Sotsial’nye i gumanitarnye nauki. Issue 1. Pp. 31–37. (In Russ.).
Dongak, A. S. (2018) Toponimicheskie predaniia i legendy yugo-vostochnoi Tuvy [Toponymic Legends of South-Eastern Tuva]. The New Research of Tuva, 2018, no. 3 [on-line] Available at: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/793 (access date: 20.03.2019). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2018.3.9 (In Russ.).
Irgit, O. Iu. (2019) Politicheskie repressii v Tuvinskoi Narodnoi Respublike v 1921–1944 gg. [Political repressions in the Tuvan People’s Republic in 1921–1944]: Diss. ... Candidate of Politic Sciences. Kyzyl. 213 p. (In Russ.).
Kapitsa, M. S. (1996) Na raznykh paralleliakh. Zapiski diplomata [On various parallels. Notes by a diplomat]. Moscow, Kniga i biznes. 480 p. (In Russ.).
Mollerov, N. M. (2005) Sovetsko-tuvinskie otnosheniia: 1917–1944 gg. [Soviet-Tuvan relations: 1917–1944]. Diss. … Doctor of History. Moscow. 465 p. (In Russ.).
Mongush, M. V. (2010) Odin narod: tri sud'by. Tuvintsy Rossii, Mongolii i Kitaia v sravnitel'nom kontekste [One people, three destinies. Tuvans of Russia, Mongolia and China in a comparative context]. Osaka, Natsional'nyi muzei etnologii. 358 p. (In Russ.).
Ondar, E. M. (2016) K voprosu ob osobennostiakh politicheskogo razvitiia Tuvinskoi Narodnoi Respubliki v 1920–1930-e gody [On the peculiarities of the political development of the Tuvan People’s Republic in the 1920–1930s]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, no. 12 (177), pp. 158–164. (In Russ.).
Salchak Toka (2015) Ed. by S. K. Shoigu at al. Moscow, Slovo. 544 p. (In Russ.).
Tatarintseva, M. P. and Storozhenko, A. A. (2015) Staroobriadtsy Tuvy: retrospektiva i sovremennost' [Old Believers of Tuva: retrospective and modernity]. Saarbrucken, Lambert Academic Publishing. 137 p. (In Russ.).
Kharunova, M. M. (2011) Sotsial'no-politicheskoe razvitie Tuvy v seredine XX veka [Sociopolitical development of Tuva in the mid-twentieth century]. Novosibirsk, Nauka. 135 p. (In Russ.).
Published
How to Cite
Otroshchenko I. V. Tuvan People’s Republic on the eve of accession to the USSR through the eyes of a Soviet diplomat. The New Research of Tuva. 2019, № 4. URL: https://nit.tuva.asia/nit/article/view/895 (access date ...). DOI: 10.25178/nit.2019.4.17
Issue
Section
Author Biography
Ivanna V. Otroshchenko, A. E. Krymsky Institute of Oriental Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Doctor of History, Leading Research Fellow, Department of the Modern East, A. Yu. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies, NAS of Ukraine; Editor-in-Chief, Shìdnyi svìt (Mir Vostoka).
Postal address: Apt. 226, 4 Hrushevskyi St., 01001 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Email: shidnyj.svit@gmail.com
Author(s) license holder(s) grant rights for their work to the journal (grantee of a license) under the simple non-exclusive open license in accordance with Art. 1286.1 «Open license for a research work, work of literature or fine arts», Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
New Research of Tuva publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC).
Since it is an open license, author(s) reserve the right to upload the article to their institutional repository, submit it to another journal (if it allows republications), or republish it on their own website (in full, or in part).
However, several conditions apply here:
a) The republished version must always contain the name(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), the original title and the hyperlink to the original version on the New Research of Tuva website;
b) It must be in open access, free of charge, and no category of readers must be in any way whatsoever advantaged over general readership.
c) should the contribution be submitted elsewhere by its author(s) without substantial modification (30% or more of original text unchanged), the body of the article should contain a disclaimer that the original version was published in New Research of Tuva (with a link to the respective page)
The CC-BY-NC is a non-revocable license which applies worldwide and lasts for the duration of the work’s copyright.
