Features of the Demographic Development of Tuva: Contribution of Migration to the Demographic Balance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.10Keywords:
internal migration; lifelong migration; labor migration; demographic balance; population census; micro census; Tuva; Tuvan population; TuvansAbstract
The article highlights the features of the population dynamics in Tuva from the mid-20th century to the present taking different components of the demographic balance into account. The main research methods the author uses are the demographic balance equation, which allows us to estimate the ratio between natural and migration growth of the entire population and of urban and rural populations separately, as well as the analysis of lifelong population migrations on the basis of information about place of birth and place of residence. These methods are applied to study demographic processes in Tuva for the first time. The calculations are based on the official statistics — data from the population censuses of 1989, 2002 and 2010, current record of natural population movement and sample surveys.
There are underestimation of those who leave the territory of the Republic of Tuva and overestimation of return migration that “virtually” arises due to the expiration of the temporary registration period of those who have left it earlier. It has been found out that high rates of natural growth, especially in rural regions, are compensated by the migration outflow of the population from villages to cities and outside the Republic.
It is noted that the Republic has the closest migration relations with neighboring Siberian regions, but the significance of both metropolitan agglomerations — Moscow and St. Petersburg — is increasing. At the same time, there is a decrease in the share of those who have come to Tuva from other regions of Russia and an increase in the share of the natives who have left it. The data of the sample survey of the labor force allow us to identify the increasing importance of interregional labor migration for Tuva in recent years. Meanwhile the number of incoming and especially outgoing domestic labor migrants is noticeably lower than in neighboring regions.
The accumulation of a large error in closing the balance due to the long time that has passed since the previous population census and a change in the migration accounting methodology may lead to a significant reevaluation of the population of the Republic if we consider the results of the next population census.
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For citation:
Abylkalikov S. I. Osobennosti demograficheskogo razvitiia Tuvy: vklad migratsii v demograficheskii balans [Features of the Demographic Development of Tuva: Contribution of Migration to the Demographic Balance]. New Research of Tuva, 2021, no. 4, pp. 131-142. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.10
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Author Biography
Salavat I. Abylkalikov, Bashkir State University; National Research University Higher School of Economics
Candidate of Sociology, Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory of Social and Demographic Studies, Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology, Bashkir State University; Senior Lecturer, Department of Demography, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
Postal address: 32, Zaki Validi St., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation; 3, Bolshoy Trekhsvyatitelsky Lane, 109028 Moscow, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (495) 772-95-90, ext. 11823.
E-mails: sabylkalikov@hse.ru, sabylkalikov@yandex.ru
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