Glocalization among Old Believers: models and subjects in contemporary modernization of traditionalist communities in Tuva and Budjak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.3.16Keywords:
Tuva; Old Belief; Chasovennoe accord; Lipovans; Budjak; glocalization; modernization; traditionalismAbstract
Making use of original archaeographical and ethnographic field material collected by the author among the Old Believers of Tuva and Budjak, the article deals with the issues of inclusion/exclusion of traditionalist communities to/from the processes of globalization. This comparative perspective allows us to focus on the general and particular aspects of how communities with specific worldviews see modernization. Confessional and territorial characteristics of such groups as the Lipovans and Chasovennye are frequently presented in the context of advancing challenges of the “outer world”, and come as a creative response to this world’s practices.
This mode of analysis will help accentuate how global standards are reimagined and constructed rather than simply mentally consumed, from “importing notions” to “adapting ideas”. In this sense, Christian eschatology is crucially important as it turns into the mental matrix of current glocalization.
References
Anastasova, E. E. (1998) Staroobredtsite v Bъlgariia: mit — istoriia — identichnost [Old Believers in Bulgaria: myth, history, шdentity]. Sofia, Prof. Marin Drinov. 127 p. (In Bolg.)
Anastasova, E. E. (2006) Staroobriadtsy v Rumynii i Bolgarii v period perekhoda [Old Believers in Romania and Bulgaria during the transition period]. In: Kul'tura russkikh-lipovan v natsional'nom i mezhdunarodnom kontekste [Culture of Lipovan Russians in the national and international context] : a collection of research papers presented at the 4th International Symposium of the ORLR. Issue 4 / ed. by I. Evseev, S. Moldovan and T. Vorontsova. Bukharest, CRLR. 464 p. Pp. 24–38. (In Russ.).
Astaf'eva, E. N., Kosheleva, O. E., Meshcherkina, E. Yu. and Nurkova, V. V. (2001) Biograficheskoe interv'iu. Trudy kafedry pedagogiki, istorii obrazovaniia i pedagogicheskoi antropologii [The biographical interview. Proceedings of the Department of Pedagogy, History of Education and Pedagogical Anthropology]. Issue 12 / ed. by V. G. Bezrogov. Moscow, URAO Publ. 86 p. (In Russ.).
Bauman, Z. (2004) Globalizatsiia: posledstviia dlia cheloveka i obshchestva [Globalization. The human consequences]: transl. from Engl. by M. L. Korobochkin. Moscow, Ves' mir. 188 p. (In Russ.).
Biograficheskii metod v sotsiologii: istoriia, metodologiia i praktika [Biographical method in sociology: history, methodology and practice] (1994): a collection of research articles / editorial board: E. Yu. Meshcherkina and V. V. Semenova. Moscow, Institute of Sociology. 147 p. (In Russ.).
Berger, P. L. (2004) Vvedenie. Kul'turnaia dinamika globalizatsii [Introduction. Cultural dynamics of globalization]. In: Mnogolikaia globalizatsiia [Many Globalizations. Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World] / ed. by P. Berger and S. Huntington, transl. from Engl. Moscow, Aspekt Press. 379 p. Pp. 7–24. (In Russ.).
Bondarenko, G. B. (2005) Transformatsіia zvichaєvo-obriadovoї kul'turi ta moral'no-tsіnnіsnikh orієntatsіi sіl's'kogo naselennia Ukraїni v umovakh globalіzatsії (s.Chervona Sloboda, Cherkas'ka oblast') [Transformation of the culture of customs and rituals, and morals and value orientations of the rural population of Ukraine under globalization: the case of Chervona Sloboda village, Cherkasy oblast)]. In: Ukraїns'ka kul'tura v kontekstі svіtovikh globalіzatsіinikh protsesіv [Ukrainian culture in the context of the globalization processes around the world] / ed. by G. A. Skripnik. Kiev, ІMFE іm. M. T. Ril's'kogo NAN Ukraїni. 360 p. Pp. 27–38 (In Ukr.)
Bykova, E. V. and Kostrov, A. V. (2018a) «Shirokii put'» v soznanii staroobriadtsev Eniseia: sovremennaia narodnaia kartinka o protsessakh globalizatsii [“A wide path” in the consciousness of the Old Believers of the Yenisei: modern folk view of the processes of globalization]. Traditsionnaia kul'tura, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 62–76. (In Russ.).
Bykova, E. V. and Kostrov, A. V. (2018b) «Igra prostranstva» v sovremennom staroobriadcheskom lubke [“The game of space” in the contemporary Old Belief lubok]. In: Nauchnye trudy. Problemy razvitiia otechestvennogo iskusstva [Research works. Problems of the development of Russian art]. Issue 44. January — March 2018 / ed. by V. A. Leniashin. St. Petersburg, s. n. 235 p. Pp. 174–185.
Bykova, E. V., Prigarin, A. A. and Storozhenko, A. A. (2018) «Svetil'nik XX stoletiia, nastavnik i uchitel' slovu Bozhiiu»: pamiati Muracheva Afanasiia Gerasimovicha (24 oktiabria 1921 — 12 sentiabria 2008) [“A lamp of the twentieth century, a mentor and teacher of the word of God”: in the memory of Afanasy Gerasimovich Murachev (October 24, 1921 — September 12, 2008)]. In: IV Tsentral'noaziatskie istoricheskie chteniia. Prostranstvo kul'tur: cherez prizmu edinstva i mnogoobraziia [4th readings in Central Asian history: The space of cultures through the prism of unity and diversity]. Proceedings of an international conference / ed. by Z. Yu. Dorzhu, V. M. Damdynchap, Yu. V. Popkova and A. A. Storozhenko. Kyzyl, TuvSU Publ. 350 p. Pp. 146–151. (In Russ.).
Bykova, E. V. and Prigarin, A. A. (2019) Mir vizual'nykh obrazov staroobriadtsev Tuvy: ot ikony i lubochnoi kartinki do fotografii [The world of visual images of the Tuva Old Believers: from icons and popular prints to photos]. New Research of Tuva, no. 1, pp. 75–94. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2019.1.6
Vermenich, Ya. (2003) Teoretiko-metodologіchnі problemi іstorichnoї regіonalіstiki v Ukraїnі [Theoretical and methodological problems of historical regionalism in Ukraine]. Ed. by P. T. Tron'ko. Kiev, Іnstitut іstorії Ukraїni NAN Ukraїni. 516 p. (In Ukr.).
Vermenich, Ia. (2006) Paradigimi «onovlennia» v іstorichnoї nautsі: novii regіonalіzm [Paradigms of “renewal” in historical studies: a new regionalism]. Ei-dos, vol. 2, pp. 202–205. (In Ukr.).
Genchev, S. (1989) Terennoto etnografsko izsledvane [Field ethnographic research]. Veliko Tъrnovo, VTU. 286 p. (In Bolg.).
Gromov, G. G. (1966) Metodika polevykh etnograficheskikh issledovanii [Methods of field ethnographic research]. Moscow, MGU. 108 p. (In Russ.).
Danilko, E. S. (2002) Staroobriadchestvo na Iuzhnom Urale: ocherki istorii i traditsionnoi kul'tury [Old Believers in the Southern Urals: Essays on History and Traditional Culture]. Ufa, Gilem. 218 p. (In Russ.).
Zol'nikova, N. D. (2018) Sochinenie pisatelia-starovera A. G. Muracheva «O nachertanii» v svete sporov o shtrikh-kode kak pechati antikhrista [The essay “On inscribing” by an Old Believer writer A. G. Murachev in the light of debates on the bar code as the Antichrist’s seal]. Gumanitarnye nauki v Sibiri, vol. 25, no 1, pp. 96–100. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15372/HSS20180115
Kerov, V. V. (2016) “Se chelovek i delo ego...”: konfessional'no-eticheskie faktory staroobriadcheskogo predprinimatel'stva [“Behold a man and his work...”: confessional and ethical factors of Old Believers ' entrepreneurship]. Moscow, Ekon-Inform. 590 p. (In Russ.).
Liubimova, G. V. (2017) Modernizatsiia zemledel'cheskogo truda v kul'ture sibirskikh staroobriadtsev [Modernization of agricultural labour in the culture of Siberian Old Believers]. Ural Historical Journal, no. 2(55), pp. 122–130. (In Russ.).
Pozdeeva, I. V. (2006) Material'noe i dukhovnoe v zhizni staroobriadcheskikh obshchin [The material and spiritual in the life of Old Believers' communities]. In: Kul'tura russkikh-lipovan v natsional'nom i mezhdunarodnom kontekste [The culture of Lipovan Russians in the national and international context] : a collection of papers presented at the IV International Symposium of the ORLR. Issue 4 / ed. by E. Evseev, S. Moldovan and T. Vorontsova. Bukharest, CRLR. 464 p. Pp. 256–268. (In Russ.).
Pokrovsky, N. N. and Zol'nikova, N. D. (2002) Starovery-chasovennye na vostoke Rossii v XVIII–XX vv. : Problemy tvorchestva i obshchestvennogo soznaniia [Old believers of the Chasovennoye accord in the East of Russia in the 18th – 20th centuries: Problems of creativity and public consciousness]. Moscow, Pamiatniki istoricheskoi mysli. 471 p. (In Russ.).
Polevaia kukhnia: kak provesti issledovanie [Field kitchen: how to conduct a study] (2004) / ed. by N. Goncharova. Ul'ianovsk, Simbirskaia kniga. 180 p. (In Russ.).
Prigarin, A. A. (2003) Muzhskie stereotipy povedeniia v staroobriadcheskoi srede: na materialakh russkikh-lipovan Podunav'ia [Stereotypes of male behavior among Old Believers: the case of Lipovan Russians along the Danube]. In: «Muzhskoe» v traditsionnom i sovremennom obshchestve. Materialy nauchnoi konferentsii [The “Masculine” in traditional and modern society: Proceedings of a research conference] / ed. by D. V. Gromov and I. A. Morozov. Moscow, N. N. Miklouho-Maclay Institute of ethnology and anthropology RAS. 98 p. Pp. 60–63. (In Russ.).
Prіgarіn, O. A. (2003) Boroda ta її znakovі funktsії v uiavlenniakh staroobriadtsіv Podunav’ia [The beard and its iconic functions in the views of the Old Believers of the Danube Region]. In: Tіlo v tekstakh kul'tur [Body in cultural texts]. Kiev. Proceedings of a conference. / ed. by G. Skripnik. Kiev, s. n. 222 p. Pp. 63–68. (In Ukr.).
Prigarin, A. A. (2004) Predposylki etnokonfessional'noi vyrazitel'nosti kul'tury russkikh-staroobriadtsev (lipovan) Iugo-Vostochnoi Evropy [Prerequisites for the ethno-confessional expressiveness of the culture of Russian Old Believers (Lipovans) in South-Eastern Europe]. In: Ethnic culture : traditions a. innovations / Vytautas Magnus univ / Ed.-in-chief Romualdas Apanavičius. Kaunas, Vytautas Magnus Univ. Press. 439 p. Pp. 356–366. (In Russ.).
Raskov, D. E. (2007) Sud'ba staroobriadchestva v epokhu Postmoderna [The fate of the Old Believers in the Postmodern era]. In: Sud'ba staroobriadchestva v XX — nachale XXІ vv.: istoriia i sovremennost' [The fate of the Old Believers in the XX — early XXI centuries: history and modernity] / ed. and comp. by S. V. Taranets. Iev, Kurenevka; Chechel'nik, s. n. 235 p. Pp. 52–62.
Romanov, E. R. (1901) Iz staroobriadcheskoi literatury [From Old Believer literature]. In: Mogilevskaia starina [The antiquity of Mogilev]: a collection of articles of the Mogilev Provincial Gazette / ed. by E. R. Romanov. Vol. ІІ. Mogilev, Tipografiia gubernskogo pravleniia. 160 p. Pp. 79–86.
Rygovskii, D. S. (2018a) «Pravilo chashki». Gostepriimstvo staroobriadtsev v antropologicheskoi perspektive [“The rule of the cup”. The hospitality of the Old Believers in an anthropological perspective]. In: IV Tsentral'noaziatskie istoricheskie chteniia. Prostranstvo kul'tur: cherez prizmu edinstva i mnogoobraziia [4th readings in Central Asian history: The space of cultures through the prism of unity and diversity]. Proceedings of an international conference / ed. by Z. Yu. Dorzhu, V. M. Damdynchap, Yu. V. Popkova and A. A. Storozhenko. Kyzyl, TuvSU Publ. 350 p. Pp. 172–177. (In Russ.).
Rygovskii, D. S. (2018b) «Chistoe», «mirskoe» i «poganoe»: staroobriadcheskaia kontseptualizatsiia ritual'noi chistoty [The ‘pure’, ‘profane’ and ‘filthy’: Old Believers’ Conceptualization of Ritual Purity]. Kul'tura slavian i kul'tura evreev: dialog, skhodstva, razlichiia, no. 1, pp. 167–186. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31168/2658-3356.2018.12
Rygovskii, D. S. (2019a) Vliianie religioznykh praktik na sotsial'nuiu strukturu eniseiskikh staroverov [The influence of religious practices on the Social Structure of Yenisei Old Believers]. Antropologicheskij forum, no. 41, pp. 11–35. (In Russ.).
Rygovskii, D. S. (2019b) Mekhanizmy razlicheniia v srede sibirskikh staroverov [Mechanisms of differentiation among Siberian Old Believers]. In: Iazyk, kniga i traditsionnaia kul'tura pozdnego Russkogo srednevekov'ia v nauke, muzeinoi i bibliotechnoi rabote [Language, book and traditional culture of the Late Russian Middle Ages in research, museum and library work]: proceedings of 4th International Research Conference. A collection of research articles / comp. by Yu. S. Beliankin, E. V. Vorontsova and N. V. Litvina. Vol. 10. Mir staroobriadchestva. Vypusk XXX. Seriia II: Trudy istoricheskogo fakul'teta MGU. Moscow, Izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta. 783 p. Pp. 728–737. (In Russ.).
Rygovskii, D. S. (2019c) Tekhnika i ee reprezentatsiia kak istochnik religioznogo opyta v eniseiskom staroobriadchestve [Technology and its representation as a source of religious experience for Old Believers of the Yenisei]. Gosudarstvo, religiia, tserkov' v Rossii i za rubezhom, no. 4 (37), pp. 19–44. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-7203-2019-37-4-19-44
Smilianskaia, E. B. and Denisov, N. G. (2007) Staroobriadchestvo Bessarabii: knizhnost', pevcheskaia kul'tura [The Old Believers of Bessarabia: book culture and song culture]. Moscow, Indrik. 477 p. (In Russ.).
Smorgunova, E. M. (1996) Sovremennaia zhizn' v ozhidanii kontsa sveta (nekotorye eskhatologicheskie predstavleniia permskikh staroverov v poslednie gody XX veka) [Modern life in anticipation of the end of the world (some eschatological ideas of Permian Old Believers in the last years of the twentieth century)]. In: Staroobriadchestvo: istoriia, kul'tura, sovremennost' : sbornik tezisov [Old Believers: history, culture, modernity]: a collection of articles / ed.: O. P. Ershova, V. I. Osipov and E. I. Sokolova. Moscow, Muzei istorii i kul'tury staroobriadchestva. 176 p. Pp. 22–25. (In Russ.).
Soboleva, L. S. (1997) Amerikanskoe sochinenie ob Antikhriste-komp'iutere v interpretatsii ural'skogo starovera [The American essay on the computer as Antichrist as interpreted by an Old Believer from the Urals]. In: Issledovaniia po istorii knizhnoi i traditsionnoi narodnoi kul'tury Severa [Studies on the history of book and traditional folk culture of the North]: inter-university collection of articles / ed. by T. F. Volkova. Syktyvkar, SGU. 235 p. Pp. 118–130. (In Russ.).
Storozhenko, A. A. (2018) Konfessional'nye migratsii staroobriadtsev «eniseiskogo meridiana» vo vtoroi polovine XIX — nachale XX v. [Confessional migrations of the Old Believers of the “Yenisei meridian” from the second half of the 19th to early 20th century]. In: Migratsionnye protsessy v Sibiri: narody, kul'tury, gosudarstvennaia politika [Migration processes in Siberia: peoples, cultures, state policy]: proceedings of the international research conference / ed. by M. A. Zhigunova and I. I. Krott. Omsk, Izdatel'skii tsentr KAN. 327 p. Pp. 44–49. (In Russ.).
Storozhenko, A. A. (2019a) Staroobriadcheskie monastyri «eniseiskogo meridiana» v XX veke: istoki, traditsii i sovremennoe sostoianie [Old Belief monasteries of the «Yenisei meridian» in the 20th century: origins, traditions and current state]. New Research of Tuva, no. 1, pp. 4–15. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2019.1.1
Storozhenko, A. A. (2019b) Istoriia staroobriadcheskoi belokrinitskoi obshchiny v Tuve vo vtoroi polovine XIX — nachale XX v. [The history of the Old Believer Belokrinitsa community in Tuva in the second half of the XIX — early XX century.]. In: Sovremennye etnicheskie protsessy na territorii Tsentral'noi Azii: problemy i perspektivy [Modern ethnic processes in Central Asia: problems and prospects]: proceedings of the 2nd international research conference / editorial board Z. Yu. Dorzhu and V. M. Damdynchap. Kyzyl, TuvSU Publ. 222 p. Pp. 165–169. (In Russ.).
Storozhenko, A. A. and Tatarintseva, M. P. (2019) «Prekrasnaia pustynia, primi menia v svoiu chastyniu». Staroobriadcheskie skity v verkhov'e Eniseia [“Oh, delightful skete, accept me and protect me from worldly life!”: Old Beliver sketes on the upper Yenisei]. Traditsionnaia kul'tura, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 88–97. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26158/TK.2019.20.2.007
Tatarintseva, M. P. (2006) Staroobriadtsy v Tuve: istoriko-etnograficheskii ocherk [Old believers in Tuva: a historical and ethnographic essay]. Novosibirsk, Nauka. 216 p. (In Russ.).
Tatarintseva, M. P. (2018) Problema sokhraneniia kul'turnykh traditsii v izmeniaiushchikhsia usloviiakh (na primere staroobriadtsev v Tuve) [The problem of preserving cultural traditions in changing conditions: the case of Old Believers in Tuva)]. In: IV Tsentral'noaziatskie istoricheskie chteniia. Prostranstvo kul'tur: cherez prizmu edinstva i raznoobraziia [4th readings in Central Asian history: The space of cultures through the prism of unity and diversity]. Proceedings of an international conference / ed. by Z. Yu. Dorzhu, V. M. Damdynchap, Yu. V. Popkova and A. A. Storozhenko. Kyzyl, TuvSU Publ. 350 p. Pp. 177–181. (In Russ.).
Trushkova, I. Iu. (2002) Staroobriadchestvo kak pozdnesrednevekovoe pravoslavie (etnokul'turologicheskii aspekt) [Old Belief as Late Medieval Russian Orthodoxy: ethno-cultural aspect]. In: Staroobriadchestvo: istoriia, kul'tura, sovremennost' [Old Belief: History, culture, modernity]: proceedings of the 6th research conference / ed. and comp. by V. I. Osipov et al. Moscow, Muzei istorii i kul'tury staroobriadchestva. 542 p. Pp. 441–451. (In Russ.).
Tatarintseva, M. P. and Storozhenko, A. A. (2015) Staroobriadtsy Tuvy: retrospektiva i sovremennost' [The Old Believers of Tuva: the past and present]. Saarbrucken: Lambert Academic Publishing. 137 p. (In Russ.).
Atkinson, P. (2000) Metody badań terenowych. Poznań : Zysk i s-ka. 329 p. (In Polish)
Bernard, H. R. (1995) Research Methods in Anthropology. Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Lanham, Md., Altamira Press, Walnut Creek. 666 p.
Chiseri-Strater, E. and Stone, S., B. (1997) Fieldworking: Reading and Writing Research Upper Saddle River. New York, Prentice Hall. 369 p.
Denzin, N. K. (1989) Interpretative Biography. Newberry Park, SA, Sage. 95 p.
Handbook of Methods in Cultural Anthropology (2000) / Ed. by H. R. Bernard. London, Walnut Creek. 816 p.
Kopczyńska-Jaworska, B. (1971) Metodyka etnograficznych badań terenowych. Łódź : Hammersley. 326 p. (In Polish).
Prygarin, O. A. (2004) Les “vieux-croyants” (Lipovane) du delta du Danube. Ethnologie Française, vol. XXXIV. Ukraine-Ukraїna: terrains, ėveils, no. 2 (32). 373 p. Pp. 259–266. (In Fr.)
Spradley, J. P. (1979) The Ethnographic Interwiew. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 247 p.
Spradley, J. P. (1980) Participant Observation. New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 283 p.
Published
How to Cite
For citation:
Prigarin A. A. Glokalizatsiia v staroobriadcheskoi srede: modeli i sub»ekty sovremennoi modernizatsii traditsionalistskikh obshchnostei Tuvy i Budzhaka [Glocalization among Old Believers: models and subjects in contemporary modernization of traditionalist communities in Tuva and Budjak]. New Research of Tuva, 2021, no. 3, pp. 210-231. (In Russ.). DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.3.16
Issue
Section
Author Biography
Aleksandr A. Prigarin, I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University
Doctor of History, Professor, Department of Archaeology and Ethnology of Ukraine, I.I. Mechnikov Odessa National University.
Postal address: Apt. 28, 72 Mechnikov St., 65020 Odessa, Republic of Ukraine.
Tel.: +380505691067.
Email: prigarin.alexand@gmail.com
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author(s) license holder(s) grant rights for their work to the journal (grantee of a license) under the simple non-exclusive open license in accordance with Art. 1286.1 «Open license for a research work, work of literature or fine arts», Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
New Research of Tuva publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC).
Since it is an open license, author(s) reserve the right to upload the article to their institutional repository, submit it to another journal (if it allows republications), or republish it on their own website (in full, or in part).
However, several conditions apply here:
a) The republished version must always contain the name(s) and affiliation(s) of the author(s), the original title and the hyperlink to the original version on the New Research of Tuva website;
b) It must be in open access, free of charge, and no category of readers must be in any way whatsoever advantaged over general readership.
c) should the contribution be submitted elsewhere by its author(s) without substantial modification (30% or more of original text unchanged), the body of the article should contain a disclaimer that the original version was published in New Research of Tuva (with a link to the respective page)
The CC-BY-NC is a non-revocable license which applies worldwide and lasts for the duration of the work’s copyright.
