The Main Characteristics of Tuvan Buddhist Pilgrimage at the Turn of the 19th–20th Centuries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.2.1Keywords:
Buddhism; Buddhism of Tuva; Tuvan Buddhism; Tuvans; Buddhist; pilgrimage; Tuva; Mongolia; Tibet; China; history of Buddhism; Buddhist worldAbstract
The article presents for the first time the focal characteristics of the Buddhist pilgrimage of Tuvans at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. They are formulated according to the results of the study of a range of sources. Although the history of the emergence and strengthening of Buddhism in Tuva has been sufficiently studied, the subject matter of pilgrimage has not received attention. The main issue is the absence of the genre of travel notes (“journeys” / “wanderings”) written by pilgrims themselves in the historical literature of Tuva. Therefore, the history has to be reconstructed from other sources of different types: historical facts on pilgrimage mentioned in academic works; documents from the archives of Tuva; fiction (works by Tuvan writers); publicistic writings, biographical works and memoirs.
The pilgrimage was clearly divided into categories according to directions and the level of financial expenses among different social groups: trips to Tibet and Mongolia were affordable primarily to wealthy people and lamas who were receiving funds collected from donations for this purpose; in case of ordinary Tuvans, the main sites of their worship and pilgrimage were temples and monasteries located in the territory of Tuva, and they would come there from their nomad camps on Buddhist holidays.
All kinds of pilgrimage shown in the article and the events that went along with them highlight the intensity of the process of development of Buddhism in Tuva in the late 19th century. Within a short time of the spread of Buddhism in Tuva, it managed not only to become the state religion, but also contributed to the educational, cultural, and religious ties of Tuvans with Mongolia, Tibet, and China through pilgrimage tours.
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How to Cite
XIX‑XX веков // Новые исследования Тувы. 2021, № 2. С. 6-17. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.2.1
For citation:
Lamazhaa Ch. K. and Bicheldey U. P. Osnovnye kharakteristiki tuvinskogo buddiiskogo palomnichestva rubezha
XIX‑XX vekov [The Main Characteristics of Tuvan Buddhist Pilgrimage at the Turn of the 19th‑20th Centuries]. New
Research of Tuva, 2021, no. 2, pp. 6-17. (In Russ.). DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.2.1
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Author Biographies
Chimiza K. Lamazhaa, B. B. Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University; Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research
Doctor of Philosophy, Visiting Researcher, Kalmyk State University; Chief Researcher, Department of Religious Studies and Cultural Studies, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of Tuva.
Postal address: Office 111, 11 Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation; 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (916) 413-33-85.
E-mail: lamazhaa@tuva.asia
Ulyana P. Bicheldey, Тувинский институт гуманитарных и прикладных социально-экономических исследований при Правительстве Республики Тыва
Ph.D (Religious studies), Head, Department of Religious Studies and Cultural Studies, Tuvan Institute of Humanities and Applied Social and Economic Research under the Government of Tuva.
Postal address: 4 Kochetov St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation.
Tel.: +7 (394-22) 2-39-36.
E-mail: opei-ool@yandex.ru
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